![]() ![]() On the other hand, B56.5 states that when an AGV encounters an obstacle - for example, if a person steps into its path – it is required to come to a stop, but when the obstacle is removed it can re-start automatically along its path. This ensures that the operator has exited the hazardous area before re-start can occur. R15.06 requires that, except in a collaborative application, the industrial robot must be re-started by a human operator from outside the robot cell the robot is not permitted to re-start automatically. For example, the re-start requirements following a protective stop are different between the two standards. When the two technologies are combined in an IMR, there are instances where the requirements for a particular operation are addressed differently in each set of standards and it is unclear which standard prevails. B56.5 was developed around the capabilities of devices that did not possess sufficient autonomy to operate safely away from their predetermined paths. R15.06 was developed at a time when industrial robots were bolted in place, not mobile. However, neither standard fully addresses the current state-of-the art of robot mobility. standard B56.5 and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 3691-4 and for industrial robots and robot systems, R15.06 in the U.S., the national adoption of ISO 10218-1,2. These standards include, for AGVs, the U.S. The need for an industrial mobile robot standardĬurrently there are well-regarded existing standards for both AGVs, and for industrial robots and robot systems. An IMR may have been designed as one unit, or it may a combination of a separate industrial robot and mobile platform. ![]() And an industrial robot arm, if integrated with a non-autonomous mobile platform such as an AGV, becomes a type of IMR through the presence of the robot arm. An autonomous mobile platform can be considered a type of IMR even without a robot arm if the platform has a sufficient degree of autonomy. For example, large industrial robot arms are used on mobile platforms to polish aircraft bodies. The combination of a mobile platform and a lightweight collaborative robot arm is one example of an industrial mobile robot (IMR). This frees up workers to focus on higher-value tasks requiring levels of dexterity, responsiveness and planning that robots cannot provide. Depending on the application, these robots might not require fencing or other safeguarding.Ĭombining these two technologies offers enormous promise for manufacturers and logistics firms to automate the repetitive and physically stressful tasks of fetching and carrying heavy parts and feeding machines. Newer collaborative industrial robots, designed to perform tasks alongside or in direct interaction with workers, can slow and stop when a worker approaches and enters the designated safety area, re-starting automatically as the worker moves away. Industrial robots traditionally operate behind fences and must be automatically shut down when a worker has entered the designated safety area and re-started manually when the worker has exited. ![]() Now, however, autonomous mobile platforms are equipped with software, cameras and sensors that enable them to establish their position against a map of their environment, adjusting course on the fly if they encounter an obstacle and stopping if a worker enters their designated safety area. While AGVs have been transporting materials around factories and warehouses for many years, they have traditionally relied on fixed, pre-programmed routes. ![]() It reflects recent technology developments in both Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and industrial robots. This scenario is becoming increasingly common in factories and warehouses around the world through the combination of a collaborative industrial robot arm mounted on an advanced autonomous mobile platform. The robot stops when an employee approaches to inspect progress and re-starts automatically when the worker walks away. It then moves on to a new workstation where it selects parts from a table and feeds these into a tooling machine. At a factory in Switzerland, a robot navigates its way across the production floor, re-routing itself to avoid an unexpected stack of pallets, before arriving at its destination – a cutting machine which it loads with steel rods. ![]()
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